ANÁLISE DO IMPACTO DO USO INDISCRIMINADO DE ANTIMICROBIANOS EM CEPAS RESISTENTES DE Klebsiella pneumoniae CARBAPENEMASE EM HOSPITAIS BRASILEIROS

Abstract

Klebsiella pneumoniae carbapenemase (KPC) Klebsiella pneumoniae carbapenemase (KPC) is a Gram-negative bacterium that is among the main causes of healthcare-related infections and outbreaks in various institutions. Studies show that the indication of treatment, choice of agent or duration of antibiotic therapy is incorrect in 30% to 50% of cases, contributing to the scenario of mass propagation of multi-resistant strains. This study aims to analyze the impact of the indiscriminate use of antimicrobials on KPC bacterial resistance in Brazilian hospitals, as well as assessing the financial costs associated with this problem. The research is an integrative literature review, and the following databases were used to carry out the searches: BVS and PUBMED. After searching the databases and the use of relevant filters, seven articles were selected for this review. It can therefore be inferred that carbapenemase-producing Enterobacteriaceae by Klebsiella pneumoniae are the most prevalent carbapenemases in Brazil, and the prevalence of KPC-KP has been increasing in most Brazilian hospitals, severely limiting therapeutic options for treating patients with only few β-lactams agents remaining active. Overall, it is estimated that more than 50% of antibiotic prescriptions are inappropriate, especially the indication for each drug. Several risk factors are associated with colonization or infection by K. pneumoniae. Around 700,000 people die every year from infections caused by resistant pathogens. It is believed that by 2050 this number will reach 10 million deaths, generating a cost of approximately US$ 100 trillion. The estimated average cost per hospitalized patient undergoing treatment in Brazil is US$ 4,135.15. Thus, only through a multidisciplinary approach and collaboration between health professionals, researchers and hospital managers will we be able to adequately address the challenges posed by bacterial resistance and mitigate the negative impacts of the indiscriminate use of antimicrobials on Brazilian public health.