RELAÇÃO ENTRE A EXPOSIÇÃO PRÉ-NATAL AO BISFENOL-A E O SURGIMENTO DE CÂNCER DE MAMA: REVISÃO INTEGRATIVA DA LITERATURA

Abstract

Introduction: Bisphenol-A (BPA) is an organic chemical compound that can affect cellular reactions, leading to fetal abnormalities, metabolic disorders, and hormonal changes. The influence of this compound, especially when in contact with the fetus, has been associated with the emergence of breast neoplasms due to BPA's mimicry with estrogen-analogous hormones, intensifying cellular proliferation and decreasing mammary apoptosis. Objective: To conduct an integrative review to seek evidence between the association of prenatal exposure to BPA and the occurrence of breast cancer. Methodology: To collect articles from the literature, a search was conducted in the following databases: Virtual Health Library (VHL) and United States National Library of Medicine (PUBMED). The descriptors and keywords used were "Breast Neoplasms," "Bisphenol," and "Prenatal Exposure." Results: Six articles were selected, in which it was noted that prenatal exposure to BPA can cause morphological changes in the mammary gland, with one study showing early tumorigenesis in MMTV-erbB2 transgenic mice, while three studies described precancerous changes, one found no morphological changes but demonstrated increased susceptibility, and one described increased levels of tumor marker. Conclusion: Together, the data suggest that the molecule can increase the risk of developing breast cancer. Thus, the findings of this review highlight the need for more research to elucidate the mechanisms by which bisphenol influences mammary health and to develop more effective intervention strategies.